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KM0034 Blood Agar Base No. 2 is a general-purpose medium with is designed to be enriched with various concentrations of horse or sheep blood and is suitable for the isolation of most organisms including many fastidious anaerobes of clinical significance. Blood Agar Base No. 2, frequently shortened to BAB No.2, was developed to meet the demand for an especially nutritious blood agar base which would permit the maximum recovery of delicate organisms, such as streptococci, pneumococci, and other fastidious microorganisms, without interfering with their haemolytic reactions. Haemolysis observations may vary with the type of blood being used and previous studies have shown that sheep blood provides the most reliable colony and haemolysis characteristics. When the blood is chocolated the medium gives good recovery of Haemophilus species. KM0034, when prepared with required blood type, is recommended as a non-selective blood agar by UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations and is tested in accordance with the principals of ISO 11133:2014 . Related Supplements : Defibrinated Sheep Blood, Defibrinated Horse Blood, LS0008 Staph/Strep Selective Supplement, LS0017 Neomycin Selective Supplement -
BM0070 Brain Heart Infusion Broth is a nutritious, isotonic, general-purpose medium suitable for the isolation of most micro-organisms including many fastidious organisms and, with enrichment as appropriate, is suitable as a base for blood culture medium. Modern BHI typically uses an infusion from porcine brains and hearts rather than calf brain tissue, and uses disodium phosphate as a buffer, rather than the calcium carbonate used by Rosenow and Haden. It is a nutrient-rich medium and can therefore be used to culture a variety of fastidious organisms, including streptococci, pneumococci, and meningococci, which can be challenging to grow. Brain Heart Infusion Broth is recommended by the FDA BAM for the enrichment for pathogenic Escherichia coli in foods and environmental samples, and as a medium used in the coagulase test for the identification of Staphylococcus aureus from foods, and Gram-positive cocci from cosmetic samples. NB: Organisms that produce large amounts of acid in the medium may overwhelm the buffering system and as a result ‘auto-sterilise’ the culture. -
KM0057 Campylobacter (CCDA) Agar is a selective medium for the isolation of Campylobacter spp., particularly C. jejuni and C. coli, from clinical specimens and foodstuffs. Campylobacter (CCDA) Agar was described by Bolton et al. and formulated to replace blood with a combination of charcoal, ferrous sulphate, and sodium pyruvate. This product is recommended for the isolation of Campylobacter spp. and complies with the requirements of ISO 10272-1:2017, ISO 10272-2:2017, is tested in accordance with ISO 11133:2014, and is a recommended medium in the UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations for isolation of Campylobacter spp. from clinical specimens such as faeces. Bolton et al. recommended incubating inoculated plates at 37°C to improve isolation rates, but incubation at 41.5°C is recommended for the isolation of the commonly encountered thermophilic species (C. jejuni and C. coli). Selectivity is achieved through the addition of E&O LS0010 Campylobacter CCDA Selective Supplement, which includes a broad-spectrum antibiotic, cefoperazone, and amphotericin B to inhibit yeast and fungi.
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KM0001 Columbia Agar is a modification of the original Columbia Agar formulation described by Ellner et al. from Columbia University and is tested in accordance with ISO 11133:2014. Columbia Agar provides a medium that is suitable for use with both defibrinated horse and sheep blood to support the growth and determining haemolytic reactions of a variety of microorganisms. Columbia Agar with the addition of plain or chocolated blood is recommended by the UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations for various purposes, including as a standard, supplementary or primary isolation medium. Columbia agar with blood is a general-purpose, non-selective medium suitable for isolation and cultivation of most organisms including fastidious anaerobes from clinical specimens. Chocolating the blood provides a highly nutritious medium which supports the growth of a wide range of pathogens including the most fastidious organisms and is particularly useful for the cultivation of Haemophilus and Neisseria species. Chocolate agar is the same as blood agar except that during preparation the red blood cells are lysed when added to molten agar base, which gives the medium a chocolate-brown colouration and from which the agar gets its name. As a result, cell lysis releases intracellular nutrients such as haemoglobin, haemin (X factor), and the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD or V factor) into the agar. These growth factors are available to fastidious organisms during growth. Related Supplements : Defibrinated Horse Blood, Defibrinated Sheep Blood, Horse Blood Lysed, LS0008 Staph/Strep Selective Supplement, LS0017 Neomycin Selective Supplement, LS0022 Clostridium difficle Selective Supplement, LS0012 Bacitracin Selective Supplement, LS0011 Campylobacter Growth Supplement, LS0009 Campylobacter (Skirrow) Selective Supplement
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Side 1: Columbia Agar with 5% Horse Blood This is a general-purpose medium enriched with 5% defibrinated horse blood that is suitable for the isolation of most organisms, including many fastidious anaerobes. Side 2: Columbia Agar with 5% Horse Blood and CAP Selective Supplement This is a medium for the selective isolation of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. primarily from clinical specimens. Based on Columbia Agar Base enriched with 5% horse blood the medium is made selective by the inclusion of colistin and aztreonam to suppress the growth of the majority of Gram-negative bacteria. -
Side 1: Columbia Blood Agar with 7% Sheep Blood & CNA Supplement This is a selective medium for the isolation of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp. Based on columbia agar, it is enriched by the addition of sheep blood (7%) the medium is also made selective by the inclusion of colistin and nalidixic acid to suppress the growth of the majority of Gram negative bacteria. The addition of sheep blood to the medium allows for good colonial appearance, pigment production and excellent haemolysis from beta-haemolytic streptococci. Side 2: Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with Chloramphenicol A selective medium for the isolation of yeasts and fungi. Sabouraud dextrose agar is suitable for use in all areas of Mycology. The low pH of the medium inhibits most bacteria, however in this formulation chloramphenicol (150mg/L) is added to further reduce the risk when processing material that may be heavily contaminated particularly with coliforms. -
KM0079 Pseudomonas Agar Base with the addition of supplements, is a selective medium for the isolation of Pseudomonas species primarily from clinical, food, water, and environmental samples. The medium can be made selective for Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the addition of E&O LS0006 Pseudomonas Selective Cetrimide and Nalidixic Acid Supplement which complies to ISO 16266:2006 and ISO 11133:2014. Alternatively, the medium can be made selective for Pseudomonas species by the addition of E&O LS0026 Pseudomonas CFC Selective Supplement which complies to ISO 13720:2010 and can be used as a primary isolation medium according to Public Health England’s UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations. Identification is achieved using the unique ability of P. aeruginosa to synthesise the iron chelating pigments pyoverdin and pyocyanin which combine to produce the characteristic green colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Production of these pigments is stimulated by the presence of magnesium and potassium ions in the medium. The presence of blue/green or brown pigmentation or fluorescence is indicative of presumptive Pseudomonas species. It should be noted however that further testing must be conducted to confirm the full identity of the organism.
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Saline (0.45%) is suitable for use in preparation of food samples and/or as a rinse fluid during examination of equipment etc. prior to culture. It can also be used as a general purpose diluent in many areas of the laboratory. -
Saline (0.85%) is suitable for use in preparation of food samples and/or as a rinse fluid during examination of equipment etc. prior to culture. It can also be used as a general purpose diluent in many areas of the laboratory. -
Saline (0.9%) is suitable for use in preparation of food samples and/or as a rinse fluid during examination of equipment etc. prior to culture. It can also be used as a general purpose diluent in many areas of the laboratory. -
Tryptone Soya Agar is used for a wide range of applications, including culture storage, enumeration of cells, isolation of pure cultures, or simply general culture. It has been found to be useful in cosmetic testing, water, and wastewater applications. Tryptone Soya Agar may be used to determine X and V factor requirements of Haemophilus species; sterility testing; and environmental monitoring within pharmaceutical cleanrooms and sterile facilities. This medium meets the requirements of the Harmonized USP/EP/JP and is based on the original formulation described by Leavitt et al. in 1955. Tryptone Soya Agar is recommended as a reference medium when testing selective media, to measure the degree of inhibition. In environmental monitoring applications, it is common for plates to be incubated at 30-35°C for bacterial colonies and 20-25°C for mould and fungi. Tryptone Soya Agar will support the growth of both aerobic and anaerobic organisms depending on incubation conditions. KM0024 unsupplemented is recommended by the World Health Organization, UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations, International Organization for Standardization and is tested in accordance with ISO 11133:2014. This medium is also included in the Bacteriological Analytical Manual for cosmetics testing. UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations also call for Tryptone Soya Agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood (E&O DSC) for aid in the identification of Bordetella species from clinical specimens. The addition of defibrinated animal blood to the base medium, promotes the growth of most fastidious organisms and presumptive identification can be made based on haemolytic reactions. It should be noted that the haemolytic patterns of isolates may vary with the source of animal blood. Addition of selective agents allows isolation and presumptive identification of specific species or groups of organisms. Related Supplements : Defibrinated Sheep Blood, Defibrinated Horse Blood
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A general purpose and nutritious medium for the non-selective enrichment of non-fastidious and some fastidious organisms. Tryptone and soy peptone are the nitrogen and vitamin source in the medium. Glucose is the carbon energy source that facilitates organism growth and sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance. Di-potassium hydrogen phosphate is a buffering agent to prevent auto-sterilisation due to acid production during the growth of some organisms. Tryptone Soya Broth is also commonly referred to as Soybean-Casein Digest Medium or Tryptic Soya Broth and is abbreviated as TSB. TSB conforms to the Harmonized United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EU), and Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP).
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KM0013 Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) Agar is used for the isolation and detection of Salmonella and Shigella spp. in clinical specimens, food, and environmental samples. Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) Agar is used for the isolation of Salmonella from food and animal feedstuffs when used according to ISO 6579:2017, ISO 11133:2014. The formulation conforms to CLSI M22 and European, United States and Japanese Pharmacopeia requirements. KM0013 is recommended for clinical specimens as a standard, supplementary or primary isolation medium by the UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations. Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) Agar has a pH of 7.4, leaving it with a bright red appearance due to the indicator phenol red. Sugar fermentation lowers the pH and the phenol red indicator registers this by changing to yellow. Most gut bacteria, including Salmonella spp., can rapidly ferment the sugar xylose to produce acid; Shigella spp. cannot do this and therefore remain red. Once the xylose has been used, Salmonella spp. decarboxylate lysine leading to a reversion to an alkaline pH. Additionally, Salmonella spp. (but not Shigella species) are able to reduce thiosulphate to hydrogen sulphide which reacts with ferric ions to produce the black pigment iron sulphide. Salmonella spp. may, therefore, be differentiated since colonies have a black centre on this medium.
