Liquid

//Liquid
  • Alkaline peptone water is generally used as an enrichment medium in the isolation of Vibrio spp. from faeces. This medium may also be used for the enrichment of Vibrio spp. from food and water samples. First developed by Shread, Donovan and Lee as an enrichment broth for the growth of Aeromonas spp., Cruickshank showed that with a higher pH the medium can be used for the enrichment of Vibrio spp. The peptone is the source of the required nitrogen, carbon and vitamins. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance. The high pH of the medium inhibits most enteric organisms for at least 24 hours.
  • Brain heart infusion broth is very nutritious isotonic medium with a low concentration of glucose to stimulate early growth. The formulation is a modification of that from Rosenow and Hayden. Brain heart infusion broth is suitable for the isolation of most micro-organisms including many fastidious organisms and, with the appropriate enrichment, is suitable as a base for blood culture medium. The nitrogen, vitamin and carbon sources are supplied by the Brain-Heart infusion solids and peptone. Glucose serves as the carbohydrate source and sodium chloride aids in maintaining the osmotic balance. A phosphate buffer, disodium hydrogen phosphate, is incorporated to help neutralize any acids produced as a result of glucose utilization and thus maintain viability of the organisms. NB: Organisms that produce large amounts of acid in the medium may overwhelm the buffering system and as a result may ‘auto-sterilize’ the culture.  
  • Brucella broth is a non-selective medium for the cultivation of Brucella spp. and other fastidious microorganisms. Brucella broth has been developed from the APHA formulation for Albimi broth. (1&2) The enzymatic digest of casein, enzymatic digest of animal tissues and yeast extract provide the necessary carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources for this medium. Glucose is a fermentable carbohydrate and sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance of the medium. Sodium bisulfite is added to enhance growth. References (1) Hausler, W. J. (ed.). 1976. Standard methods for the examination of dairy products, 14th ed. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. (2) ISO 10272-1:2006. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs – Horizontal method for detection and enumeration of Campylobacter spp.
  • Formulated to ISO 6579, Buffered Peptone Water (BPW) is a pre-enrichment medium designed to help sub-lethally damaged Salmonella spp. recover before introducing them into a selective enrichment medium. Enzymatic digest of casein is the source of the required nitrogen, carbon and vitamins. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance in the medium. Di-sodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium di-hydrogen phosphate act as buffers in the medium. This nutritious medium is free from inhibitors and is well buffered to maintain pH 7.0 for the incubation period. Sub-lethal injury to Salmonella spp. occurs in many food processes and this pre-enrichment step greatly increases the chance of their recovery, especially if a low number of cells are present in a sample.  
  • This medium is intended for the cultivation and enumeration (via the Miles and Misra technique) of Lactobacillus spp. from a variety of sources and can be used in conjunction with MRS Agar (KM0080). This medium is a modification on the formulation developed by de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe.(1) The peptones, beef extract, yeast extract provides the required carbon, nitrogen and vitamins in this medium. Glucose is a fermentable carbohydrate. Potassium phosphate is a buffering agent. Selectivity of the medium is achieved through the use of ammonium citrate and sodium acetate, inhibiting microorganisms such as streptococci and moulds. The magnesium sulphate, manganese sulphate and polysorbate 80 act as growth stimulants. The medium can be made more specific for lactobacilli generally by lowering the pH to between 5.0 and 5.5. This has the effect of inhibiting most streptococci that may otherwise grow on the medium and can be readily confused with lactobacilli.
  • E.E. Broth is recommended as an enrichment medium when examining food and feedstuffs for Enterobacteriaceae. It is a modification of Brilliant Green Bile Broth, with an improved buffering capacity to encourage early growth and prevent autosterilization. E.E. Broth uses glucose instead of lactose to make the medium a test for all enterobacteria including non-lactose fermenting organisms. This formulation complies with the Harmonized USP/EP/JP. Nitrogen is supplied by the gelatin peptone whilst glucose serves as the fermentable carbohydrate source. Oxbile and brilliant green are the selective agents helping to suppress Gram-positive non- target organisms. Auto sterilisation is prevented through the buffer system composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate.
  • This medium is for the growth of fastidious anaerobes, particularly Bacteroides spp. Fastidious anaerobe broth is also suitable for anaerobic blood culture. The peptone and yeast extract provides the required carbon, nitrogen and vitamins. Haemin, vitamin k and L-cysteine HCl are growth factors required by some anaerobes. Sodium thioglycollate and L-cysteine HCl reduce the Eh of the medium and the agar helps maintain the Eh. Resazurin is a redox indicator and sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance. NB: For best results it is recommended that the medium be heated in a boiling water bath, with the cap loosened, and then allowed to cool, with the cap tightened, immediately before use. The cap must be replaced on the container immediately after inoculation.  
  • Half-Fraser broth is a selective enrichment broth for the identification and isolation of Listeria spp., primarily from food and environmental samples. The antibiotics, nalidixic acid and acriflavine, are already included in the formulation so only ferric ammonium citrate (LS5004) need be added to make the complete Half-Fraser broth. The peptones provide carbon, nitrogen and vitamins, sodium chloride provides osmotic balance and the phosphate buffer system maintains pH. Lithium chloride inhibits enterococci and the antibiotics make the medium highly selective. Listeria spp. hydrolyse aesculin to aesculetin which forms a confirmatory dark brown or black complex with Fe3+ ions.
  • KM0116

    Lactose Broth

    Lactose broth is used for the performance and confirmation of the Presumptive Test for coliforms in water and dairy samples. This medium is also frequently used as a pre-enrichment medium when testing foods, water samples and dairy products for Salmonella spp. Beef extract and gelatin peptone provide the required carbon, nitrogen and vitamins in this medium. Lactose is a fermentable carbohydrate. Fermentation of lactose is detected by the production of gas
  • Luria Bertani (LB) broth is used for the cultivation and maintenance of recombinant strains of Escherichia coli for molecular biology procedures. LB broth (Lennox) contains half of the amount of sodium chloride found in LB broth (Miller). Enzymatic digest of casein provides the required nitrogen and carbon. Vitamin B complex required by recombinant strains of Escherichia coli are supplied by yeast extract. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance and provides sodium ions for membrane transport.
  • Luria Bertani (LB) broth is used for the cultivation and maintenance of recombinant strains of Escherichia coli for molecular biology procedures.(1) Enzymatic digest of casein provides the required nitrogen and carbon. Vitamin B complex required by recombinant strains of Escherichia coli are supplied by yeast extract. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance and provides sodium ions for membrane transport.
  • KM0206

    Letheen Broth

    Letheen broth when prepared with polysorbate 80 is used for the testing of quaternary ammonium compounds for antimicrobial activity. Letheen broth is recommended by the Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). (1) The enzymatic digest of animal tissue and beef extract act as carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources in this medium. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance of the medium. Lecithin inactivates quaternary ammonium compounds. Polysorbate 80 must be added to the medium prior to sterilisation. Polysorbate 80 neutralises phenols, formalin, hexachlorophene, and in combination with the lecithin, ethanol. REFERENCE (1) Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1995. Official methods of analysis, 16th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Washington, D.C
  • Letheen broth modified is intended for use in the isolation of microorganisms from cosmetics. The enzymatic digest of animal tissue, enzymatic digest of casein, yeast extract and beef extract act as carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources in this medium. Sodium chloride maintains the osmotic balance of the medium. The sodium bisulfite and lecithin inactivates quaternary ammonium compounds. Polysorbate 80 must be added to the medium prior to sterilisation. Polysorbate 80 neutralises phenols, formalin, hexachlorophene, and in combination with the lecithin, ethanol.
  • A selective medium for the enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae and the detection of Escherichia coli in pharmaceutical products. The inclusion of bromocresol purple indicator makes the colour change caused by acid production from the fermentation of lactose easy to read with gas formation. The presence of ox bile helps to suppress the growth of Gram-positive and non-enteric bacterial species. This formulation complies with the Harmonized USP/EP/JP. Nitrogen is supplied by the gelatin peptone whilst lactose serves as the fermentable carbohydrate source. Oxbile is the selective agent helping to suppress Gram-positive organisms and bromocresol purple detects the pH change as a result of the fermentation of lactose.
  • Malt extract broth is used for the cultivation of yeasts and moulds and is commonly used as part of sterility testing protocols. The high carbohydrate content of the medium ensures rapid growth of yeasts and moulds. Malt extract and mycological peptone provide the carbon, protein and nutrient sources required by the organisms. The acidic nature of this medium allows for optimal growth of moulds and yeasts while restricting bacterial growth.  
  • Formulated to ISO 6887-1, Maximum Recovery Diluent (MRD) is a diluent designed to maintain organisms by protecting the cells from unnecessary physiological shock that may occur using other aqueous solutions. MRD is used extensively in food and environmental testing. The low level of peptone provides a protective effect but does not allow for multiplication during the short residence time in the diluent, 45 minutes. The sodium chloride prevents osmotic shock as the sample is initially diluted.  
  • Membrane Lauryl Sulphate Broth is used for the enumeration of Escherichia coli and other coliforms found in filter membranes used in water sample testing. Originally named Membrane Enriched Teepol broth,(1) this recipe was updated when Teepol 610 was removed from the formulation and replaced by sodium lauryl sulphate.(2&3) The peptones, yeast extract and lactose act as carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources in this medium. The phenol red is added as a pH indicator to detect the fermentation of lactose to differentiate the coliforms. Sodium lauryl sulphate is an inhibitory agent. References (1) Burman, N. P., 1967. Development of membrane filter techniques. II. Adaptation to routine and special requirements. Proc. Soc. Wat. Treat. Exam., 16:40 (2) Joint Committee of PHLS and the Standing Committee of Analysis. 1980. J. Hyg. Camb., 85:181 (3) Stanfield, G. and Irving, T. E., 1981. A suitable replacement for Teepol 610 in the selective isolation of coliforms from marine waters and sewage. Water Research. 15:469-47
  • Approved by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI formerly known as the NCCLS) in USA this medium can be considered as an alternative to Iso-Sensitest Broth for antimicrobial sensitivity testing and MIC determinations by tube dilution methods. (1&2) Beef extract and acid hydrolysate of casein provides the required nitrogen, carbon and vitamins in the medium. Starch absorbs any toxic metabolites produced. References (1) Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 2006. Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility tests. Approved standard M2-A9. CLSI, Wayne, PA. (2) MacFaddin, J. 1985. Media for isolation cultivation, identification maintenance of medical bacteria. Williams & Williams, Baltimore.
  • This is a selective enrichment broth for the isolation of Salmonella spp. primarily from food and food product samples and conforms to the requirements ISO 6579:2002. It can however be used in other areas including clinical and environmental specimens. Salmonella spp. reduce tetrathionate and will proliferate in the medium whilst most other enteric organisms are inhibited. Unlike the older traditional tetrathionate broth the addition of novobiocin (40 mg/l) improves the inhibition of Proteus spp. Immediately prior to use it is necessary to add 20 ml/l of 2% iodine/iodide solution (BM0946). Once the iodine/iodide solution has been added the medium should be used immediately and cannot be stored for future use. NB: As this is an opaque medium, the turbidity of the broth alone cannot be used as an indication of growth. Related Supplements : LS0024 Novobiocin Supplement (20mgs/L)
  • A general-purpose medium for the cultivation of organisms that are less fastidious in their nutritional requirements. The beef extract, peptone and yeast extract act as carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources in this medium. Sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance.  
  • Nutrient Broth No.2 is used for the cultivation of fastidious pathogens and other microorganisms. This general use medium, rich in nutrients, allows the growth of bacteria when there is a low level of cells. The medium is particularly suitable as a secondary growth medium for staphylococci to be tested for coagulase production and also be used for sterility testing of aerobic organisms. Beef extract and peptone provide the required carbon, nitrogen and vitamins. Sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance.  
  • KM0149

    Peptone Water

    Peptone water is a general-purpose medium that supports thecultivation of non-fastidious organisms. This non-selective medium can be used a basal medium for biochemical tests such as carbohydrate fermentation and production of indole. Tryptone and peptone act as sources of carbon, nitrogen and vitamins in this medium and sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance.  
  • Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution used in biological research. It is a water-based salt solution containing sodium phosphate, sodium chloride and, in some formulations, it contains potassium chloride and potassium phosphate. The osmolality and ion concentrations of the solutions match those of the human body (isotonic) and are non-toxic to most cells. This balanced salt solution is issued to meet the requirements of those tissue culture workers who use the Dulbecco Solution with and without calcium and magnesium.
  • Rappaport-Vassiliadis Soya Broth is used for the enrichment and selective isolation of Salmonella spp. This medium is a modification of the original formulation by Rappaport et al. and has been formulated to exploit the full characteristics of Salmonella spp. These characteristics include the ability to survive at relatively high osmotic pressure, to multiply at low pH values and greater resistance to malachite green. This formulation also has the correct amount of magnesium chloride as previous formulations did not take into account the volume of displacement caused by dissolving large amounts of magnesium chloride in water. This formulation has been shown to be superior to tetrathionate broth and selenite broth for the isolation of Salmonella spp. from meat products. Soya peptone provides the required carbon, nitrogen and vitamins. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate and di-potassium hydrogen phosphate act as buffers. Magnesium chloride raises the osmotic pressure in the medium. Malachite green is an inhibitory substance. NB: This formulation is very hygroscopic and will produce a slight exothermic reaction when mixed with water.  
  • Sabouraud liquid medium USP is used in sterility testing for the detection of moulds, yeasts and acidophilic microorganisms in pharmaceutical products. This medium is also used for non-sterile testing and for the determination of fungistatic activity. Sabouraud liquid medium USP conforms to the USP and Harmonised Pharmacopeia. The peptic digest of animal tissue and pancreatic digest of casein provides the required nitrogen, carbon and vitamins. The high concentration of dextrose is included as an energy source and in tandem with the acidic pH (5.6) facilitates the growth of fungi whilst providing limited selective properties.
  • Selenite cystine broth is a modification of selenite F broth and is for the selective enrichment of Salmonellae spp. from clinical, food and environmental specimens. The peptone acts as a nitrogen, carbon and vitamin source. Lactose is a fermentable carbohydrate and sodium phosphate is a buffer. L-cystine is used to enhance the recovery of Salmonellae spp. in low numbers. The medium is made selective by the addition of sodium biselenite (KM8021). Following overnight incubation subculture(s) are usually made on to one or more of the many selective enteric solid media.  
  • Developed by Leifson, selenite F broth is a medium for the selective enrichment of Salmonella spp. from both clinical and food samples. The peptone acts as a nitrogen, carbon and vitamin source. Lactose is a fermentable carbohydrate and sodium phosphate is a buffer. The medium is made selective by the addition of sodium biselenite (KM8021). Following overnight incubation subculture(s) are usually made on to one or more of the many selective enteric solid media.  
  • Selenite mannitol broth is a modification of selenite broth and is for the selective enrichment of Salmonellae spp. from clinical, food and environmental specimens. Comparisons have shown that mannitol selenite broth is better than other enrichment broths for the isolation of Salmonellae spp. The peptone acts as a nitrogen, carbon and vitamin source. Mannitol is a fermentable carbohydrate and sodium phosphate is a buffer. The medium is made selective by the addition of sodium biselenite (KM8021). The fermentation of mannitol by Salmonellae spp. is said to correct the alkaline pH swing which can occur during incubation. Following overnight incubation subculture(s) are usually made on to one or more of the many selective enteric solid media.
  • Trichomonas medium is based on the formula described by Kupferburg, Johnson and Sprince for the selective isolation of Trichomonas spp. (1) The tryptone and liver extract act as carbon, nitrogen and vitamin sources in this medium. Maltose is a fermentable carbohydrate. The agar and cysteine HCl reduce the oxygen tension in the medium which aids the growth of trichmonads. Methylene blue is a redox indictor and allows for the visualisation of any significant oxygen diffusion in the medium. The addition of selective agents such as chloramphenicol is recommended to inhibit bacterial species that may be present in specimens. References 1) Kupferberg, A.B. Johnson, G., and Sprince, H. 1948. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. Med., 67:304-308
  • A general purpose and nutritious medium for the non-selective enrichment of non-fastidious and some fastidious organisms. Tryptone and soy peptone are the nitrogen and vitamin source in the medium. Glucose is the carbon energy source that facilitates organism growth and sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance. Di-potassium hydrogen phosphate is a buffering agent to prevent auto-sterilisation due to acid production during the growth of some organisms. Tryptone Soya Broth is also commonly referred to as Soybean-Casein Digest Medium or Tryptic Soya Broth and is abbreviated as TSB. TSB conforms to the Harmonized United States Pharmacopoeia (USP), European Pharmacopoeia (EU), and Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP).  
  • A modification of Christensen’s medium by Maslen this medium is generally used to detect rapid urease activity of Proteus spp. although it can be used to detect urease activity of other enterobacteriaceae including urease producing Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. Unlike Christensen’s medium when used for the later purpose it is not necessary to increase the incubation time. The peptone provides the required nitrogen, carbon and vitamins. Glucose is a fermentable carbohydrate. The disodium phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are buffers and sodium chloride maintains osmotic balance. Phenol red is a pH indicator. Related Supplements : BM3000 Urea 40% Solution